Effie Ray interviewed by Joanna Penglase in the Forgotten Australians and Former Child Migrants oral history project [sound recording]

Effie Ray talks about: her family and husband's family; the Depression; Moulamein Station; early employment and husband's employment; memories of wartime; marriage and children; illness; changes in Hay during her lifetime; fostering and adoption; Catholicism; the internment camp; employment at the Hay Institution for Girls (1967-73) as an instructor; Child Welfare Department; institutional routine; regimentation and repetitive work; treatment of the girls; talking being prohibited; pay rates; staff roles; child welfare course at the University of N.S.W.; the age of girls; punishments; complaints made to the Department; staff/inmate relations; male/female staff relations; Parramatta institution; weekly doctor's visit and medical treatment; record keeping; institution buildings; official inquiry and closure; visits by nuns and clergy; Hay reunion (2004); Ormond Training School; Sydney; Parramatta Girls' Training School; Internment camp; Manchester Unity International Order of Oddfellows; attitudes to women; children's rights; Hay Shire Council; community work in Hay; Parents and Friends of St. Marys; Gaol committee; Red Cross; Country Women's Association; Home and Community Care.